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喧嘩
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Any kind of fight – from a verbal quarrel to a back-alley stabbing.
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戦う
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Even more broad than 喧嘩, 戦う can be used about fist-fights, but it’s also commonly used in sports, similar to the English “Go! Fight! Win!”. In that case, it’s not that different from 頑張れ！
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闘う
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Fight – (only used figuratively) – struggle against temptation, war on poverty etc., the war on drugs, struggle against prejudice, etc.
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もみあい
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Literally, “fondling each other.” Unlike a 戦う (battle), which can go on a long time, a もみあい breaks out suddently – usually in a place where people are drunk. Close to 喧嘩 but more narrow:it’s a shoving match or fist-fight.
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殴合い
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Literally, “hitting each other.” 殴り合い is not totally limited to muggings and gang beatings – if you and your friend are drunk and start slapping each other on a dare, that’s also 殴り合い.
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戦闘
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A war battle.
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合戦
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Like 戦闘、 but only used in proper nouns:the Battle of the Bulge, The Battle of 1812. The Battle of Pearl Harbor, etc.
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KANJIDAMAGE