脅す | The normal word for threaten. $$$ |
脅かす | To intimidate. 脅かす doesn’t really sound like a literal “Do this or else I’ll break your legs!” type of verbal threat. If a big enough guy shows up at your house at 3AM, he doesn’t need to put it into words. |
脅迫 | More formal. Not just to threaten, but to be intimidating. |
恐喝 | The legal term for blackmail or extortion. |